A arte e o niilismo: Albert Camus e o ethos do absurdo e da revolta

Abstract

The has the objective of this work is to analyze the nihilism that permeates contemporary cultural production, from the concepts of absurdity and rebellion of Albert Camus (1913-1960), as possible ethos of a life that does not deny itself and makes it similar to art, namely: creative. It is a question of understanding the time of the two world wars (first half of the 20th century), when murders and cruelties were given innocent and reasonable status by philosophy and science. In this scenario, an art shared by the current spirit of revolt. However, at the same time, serves as a parameter of an action that seeks the production, without suicide, of suicide, murder or totalitarian regimes. For this analysis, the hermeneutic methodology employed consists of an immersion in the essays, romanesca and dramaturgica work of Camus that searches, throughout in their texts, to identify and discuss the nihilistic problematic in relation to art, within the aesthetic and poetic concerns, which constitute the reflective horizon of the author. We also use Nietzsche's reflections as a support to develop the meaning, an origin and a history of nihilism. From this, we divide our thesis into three chapters: 1 – historical diagnosis of nihilism on the basis of Nietzschean thought and the appropriation that the Franco-Algerian made of the German thinker; 2 – the approach of the relationship between the concept of nihilism and absurdity and how this becomes a model of life and artistic making; 3 – the realization of the revolt as a response to nihilism and absurdity and its unfolding, ethical and aesthetic of solidarity, dialogue and creation. Therefore, our effort, which is theoretical, bibliographical, of intertextuality and analytical, intends to reflect on art as a model of resistance and creation before a cultural reality and socially known as nihilistic.