Projeto e caracterização de arranjos de rectennas otimizadas com algoritmos genéticos para quinta geração de telefonia móvel celular

Abstract

With the advent of new mobile devices, as well the increasing number of connected devices, emerged the necessity of implementing the fifth mobile generation, which has very low latency, less than 1 ms, and high transmission rate, above 1 Gbps, as requirements. At a global level, the likely band is from 26 GHz to 30 GHz. In this context, this work shows the topology of a rectenna able to operate in the band mentioned above. In order to do this, were used optimization algorithms embedded in the simulation softwares to calculate the antenna's dimensions and the parameters for the stub; besides that, SRR and ELC metamaterials unit cells were sized using a genetic algorithm created by the author. The genetic algorithm was programmed in Python 3, being able to optimize a metamaterial cell to a given frequency. At the end of the whole optimization process, the arrays got a bandwidth between 1,5 and 2 GHz, while the worst case's efficiency was 89,13%. At the level of the rectifier, the operation bandwidth achieved was 0,4 GHz. With the shown results, is demonstrated that the alterations with metamaterials improved the antenna with a low-cost procedure; it is also shown that the optimization techniques are powerful tools for the designer.