O “instinto materno” como uma construção de gênero: discussões sobre o desejo de amamentar

Abstract

It is considered that pregnancy and childbirth are social processes involved family and community, but especially unique for being the individual experience a woman can have. However, it has been emphasized as a predominantly biological process which is only valued his pathological condition despite the efforts and investments in SUS humanization in recent years. From this perspective one can think about how gender issues permeate the construction of maternal and child public policies, evidencing the difficulty of severance the stereotype of women instinctively mother and therefore able to account for everything that comes from pregnancy. It must be noted that the changes in the Health System - SUS related to delivery and postpartum period were marked by the annihilation of the right of women on the body, institutionalizing the mother/baby. This constant interference has contributed to the exclusion of women's participation in their development resulting in patriarchal practices and policies. As is the case of breastfeeding policy that, despite being responsible for supporting the reduction of early weaning, has appropriated the women's body through the obligation that is managed in hospitals baby-friendly making the right choice the puerperal woman. Thus, this study aimed to discuss the practice of breastfeeding as a social construct and gender constratando to what is commonly understood by natural behavior and / or instinctive. It is believed that speaking in humanization lactation requires first of all the recognition of the individuality of care for pregnant women allowing the establishment of a single bond, allowing a less unequal and authoritarian relationship, returning the woman to autonomy over their bodies and the process that feels more able to live.