Análise de acidentes de trânsito com o uso de SIG e Geoestatística: estudo de caso da Cidade de Palmas – TO

Abstract

The traffic accidents have represented a major cause of deaths and injuries in Brazil and worldwide, generating direct impacts on the economy and especially on public health. Therefore, one of the government's concerns or agencies responsible for planning and traffic management is to find solutions that minimize these problems, therefore, the development of new technologies has proven to be a practical solution in the search for improvements. In this context, the development of this study aimed to perform spatial and temporal analysis of traffic accidents occurred in the city of Palmas-TO between January 2017 and July 2019, with the main support tool the Geographic Information System (GIS) associated with Geoestatítica, in order to identify, by means of point pattern analysis and the Kernel intensity estimator, where the highest intensities of accident occurrences in the city, and also identify the prevailing types and which ones cause the greatest severity and especially the days and hours with the highest incidence of traffic accidents. The analyzes show that traffic accidents occur generally in almost all the city, but with a higher incidence in the Southern Region, specifically in the areas Jardim Aureny III and Taquaralto - Centro, while in the central area of the city, the highest incidences occur in 104 Sul - I also identified that both have similar characteristics, and predominance of commercial buildings on the main roads and hence high flow of vehicles and people. The major problems identified for this research are related to the geographic coordinates of the accident, which is based on the sectors, neighborhoods or blocks and not the exact location of the occurrence, thus contributing to low precision analysis. So for the city to achieve satisfactory results in spatial analyzes, preventive and corrective measures and especially reduce the number of deaths and injuries in traffic and the costs generated by them, we need more attention in the registration system and data storage.