Análise dos benefícios da adoção da Tecnologia BIM em comparação com a Tecnologia CAD através de estudo de caso em edificação residencial de pequeno porte

Abstract

Despite the great impact and importance that the construction sector has on the country's gross domestic product, the vast majority of its methods and processes are considered archaic and of little technological implementation, the conception and design phase of a building, not is different. In Brazil, most of the projects developed, whether for public or private owners, follow concepts of the 2D CAD methodology, as it is a technology already consolidated and widespread in the construction sector. Due to its two-dimensional characteristics, this methodology can sometimes lead to several errors in different stages of the building. Among these errors we can mention incompatibilities between the different disciplines that make up the building, these incompatibilities, when not detected in the conception and design stage, may cause numerous problems to the execution, leading to rework, consequently burden on the budget and loss of the quality of the building. work. In the budgeting stage, the traditional processes of quantitative extraction from two-dimensional models are shown as an extensive and plausible work of errors, which generate deviations in the building budget and losses. As an alternative to these and other problems in the project, budget, planning, execution and other stages of a building comes the BIM (Building Information Modeling) methodology. Through three-dimensional modeling and parameterization of elements, ie, insertion of various information in the most diverse components of the building, it is possible to obtain significant improvements in different stages. This paper aims to analyze the benefits of the implementation of the BIM methodology compared to the traditional CAD methodology. For this, a small residential building is used as a case study, in which the incompatibilities between the different disciplines are quantified, illustrating the main cases. and also comparing quantitative extraction following the traditional method and from a BIM model. In addition to the incompatibilities between the different disciplines, which lead to rework to the execution, there were also significant deviations in the quantity of the main materials of the building, thus causing deviations in the schedule and final budget of the building in relation to the initial one.