Análise comparativa entre sistemas estruturais de concreto armado em função do tipo de laje

Abstract

Technological advances in recent years have benefited a number of sectors that are crucial to world development. One area that was strongly influenced by this advent was civil engineering. The emergence of new materials, new construction techniques and the development of increasingly powerful computational tools are just some examples of benefits added to this sector. One of the applicability of these tools (software) is linked to the analysis and structural design, providing greater agility in the processing of structures and issuing of results. It is in this context that this work was proposed, which addresses a comparative analysis of costs and consumption of materials (steel, concrete and formwork) between three structural systems of reinforced concrete for a multi-storey commercial building, in which the types of slab were varied. To carry out the analysis, the three systems were defined as: conventional structural system with solid slabs (structural system 1); conventional structural system with lattice slabs (structural system 2); and structural system with smooth ribbed slabs (structural system 3). Structural design and quantitative extraction were performed with Eberick (for structural systems 1 and 2) and Cypecad (for structural system 3) software. The budget was made based on the cost compositions of the National System of Research on Costs and Indices of Civil Construction (SINAPI). The overall stability of the structures was also evaluated using the global stability coefficient Gamma - Z (𝛾𝑍). After analysis, it was found that structural system 2 had the lowest total cost among the three models analyzed, with a cost of 15.57% lower than structural system 1 (this being the one with the highest total cost). With regard to overall stability, structural system 3 achieved better results, with a lower stability coefficient between the three models.