Análise da multiplicação e desenvolvimento inicial in vitro, e aclimatização de Encyclia flava (Lindl.) Porto & Brade (Orchidaceae)

Abstract

Due to extractivism and habitats degradation, especially in the Cerrado, loto f species are desappearing of they natural environments. One of the ways to subsidizing orchids species conservation is the use of in vitro culture techniques. This methodology has been used for both scientific and comercial purposes. In this contexto the objective of this work was to study aspects involved with multiplication, initial in vitro development and acclimatization of Encyclia flava (Orchidaceae). Was tested the influence of three culture médium in the development of that espécie: Knudson (1946) medium [KC], Vacin & Went (1949) medium [VW], and Murashige & Skoog (1962) on 50% [½MS] e 100% [MS] of they macronutrients. With the finality of describe structural aspects related to the germination and in vitro initial development of E. flava was realized anatomical studies. Was verified the possibility of to multiplicate that specie through the segmentsgrown in the dark. Finally, was developed a protocol to acclimatization of E. flava using comercial substrate. The MS medium was the most favorable for the in vitro multiplication and development of E. flava. It is probable that the higher production of photosynthetic pigments detected in this medium contributed to this result. The morphological analysis revealed that morphologically the germination and initial in vitro growth of E. flava is very similar to that of other Orchidaceae, besides presenting some structural characteristics common to other species of this family that have an epiphytic habit even when cultivated under in vitro conditions. Even in low proportions, it was possible to propagate E. flava through etiolated stem segments. For the acclimatization of the species under study, the results obtained suggest that in vitro cultured plants should be initially transferred to community vessels containing the substrate formed by containing Bioplant and Esfagno in a ratio of 2: 1 (v: v). After 60 days, individuals should be transplanted into individual vessels containing a new substrate composed of Ouro Negro and Bioplant in the proportion of 3: 1 (v: v). With this methodology, the final survival rate of the plants is 65%.