Composição florística das espécies de uma área de cerrado, Porto Nacional, Tocantins, Brasil

Abstract

The objective of this work was to carry out a study of the floristic composition of the woody species occurring in the Escola Família Agrícola (EFA) of the municipality of Porto Nacional. The floristic survey was carried out through plots of 20m x 50m. The collected species were characterized by the diasporic dispersal syndrome, classified as anemocoric, zoocoric and autochromatic. They were also classified as peculiares species (when belonging to their region) and accessory species (native to other vegetation formations such as the Amazon Forest and the Caatinga). A total of 80 species were collected in 52 gender and 34 Botanical families within the plots of the study area. The families that presented the greatest number of species were: Febaceae (19 species), Rubiaceae (6), Volchysiaceae and Malphiguiaceae (5 species). These families represent 44% of the total tree species richness found in the study area, and the other families have about one to three species, represented by a total of 56% of total tree species. In this study, 54% presented the zoocory as the main dispersion syndrome, 37% anemocory, and 5% autocoria. The presence of animals in this area is quite common mainly to the birds, being the ones responsible for much of this type of zoocoric dispersion. We classified 30 species as peculiares to the Cerrado and 38 classified as acessories, and 12 were not classified. In this context it is possible to admit that the number of species found in the study area is high, providing an exuberant floristic richness, in this way it can be inferred that despite being a small fragment must be preserved. Under this scenario, the present work contributes to the knowledge of the flora of the Cerrado of Tocantins for greater conservation, which will serve as the basis for future studies that are essential for diversity.