Contribuições da economia comportamental para entender os efeitos das mudanças na previdência social brasileira 2019

Abstract

Social benefit is financed by social contributions provided for in the Federal Constitution, its main objective is to guarantee the social security, health and social assistance rights of all Brazilian citizens. However, social security has become financially unsustainable, as it has been showing successible budget deficits. In 2019 the government of Jair Bolsonaro proposed and approved a new reform of the Brazilian Social Security, in which it proposed a new calculation formula the amount of retirement. This work seeks to understand the changes in the behavior of individuals in the face of social security reform through Behavioral Economy approaches. In order to meet this objective, this research is based on a qualiquantitative approach using exploratory and analytical techniques, based on historical, sociological, economic and political sources that have been resignifying themselves in the historical course of almost 200 years of Social Security in Brazil. It is understood that financial planning for retirement is not a common practice of the Brazilian population, even with a notion of its importance. Although scared by the arrival of retirement and its consequences, they have not yet acquired the habit of saving. And, to conclude this work we understand that the use of behavioral economics in public policies is valid, since it aims to direct people with difficulties to make long-term decisions, thus showing which paths they can follow to guarantee their income in the future. In this case, the indicated tool to get around this situation is in the use of nudges by public policies, because they are low cost and without harm to those who adhere.