Proposta de melhorias do projeto e protótipo de um filtro eletromagnético de correntes de sequência zero

Abstract

It is known that one of the main factors responsible for the "pollution in electric grid" is the harmonics distortions. Such disturbances, which are generated by non-linear loads result in effects on the electrical system harming both the quality of the electrical energy and the operation of equipment that is connected to the system. The devices called filters (active and/or passive) are designed to drain harmonics, and it is precisely one of these devices that this work contemplates: the Zero Sequence Electromagnetic Filter. The use of the electromagnetic filter is one of the techniques most used in the compensation of zero sequence components, especially in circuits where there is the presence of non-linear loads such as: rectifier circuits, fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts, thyristorized controllers, among others. Thus, when well designed, the device has a low zero sequence impedance allowing the harmonic flow of that sequence to flow through it. So, in the present work a study is carried out on electromagnetic filters, their functionalities, that is, their mathematical modeling, the mechanism for the flow deviation of the zero sequence components and their constructive process, in order to enable the elaboration of criteria that allow the optimization of the design of an electromagnetic filter already implemented, so that a maximization of the filtering of the harmonics for which it is performed can be achieved, thus, increasing its efficiency.