Nitrogênio e fósforo na cultura de chia

Abstract

The cultivation of chia (Salvia hispânica L.) has presented enormous importance in many countries, because there is little research in relation to the agronomic management to allow aid on the requirements of the culture. In Brazil, the culture being recently adapted and has met with some limiting factors to obtain high yields, including nitrogen and phosphate fertilization. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the combination of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization in chia culture, in Cerrado soils, in the South of Tocantins. The experiments were conducted in the field at the Experimental Station of the Federal University of Tocantins in the harvests in the years 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The design was a randomized block design, in a 5x5 factorial design with three replications in the harvests 2014/2015 and four replications in the harvests 2015/2016, both consist by the combination of five levels of phosphorus fertilizer (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1) and five levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1). The characteristics evaluated were plant height, upper stem height, stem diameter, bunches number, bunch length and grain yield It was concluded that these doses of 60 and 120 kg ha-1 of nitrogen provide the greatest plant height, upper stem height and stem diameter and low doses of 30 and 60 kg ha-1 of phosphorus influenced positively in the most development and productivity in the culture of chia.The combination of 30 kg ha-1 of N and 60 kg ha-1 P was sufficient to promote the biggest issue number of bunches in the chia plant. The maximum grain yield found in the isolated doses of N and P was superior to 157 kg ha-1.