Avaliação ecotoxicológica da germinação de sementes de Anacardium humile e Tabebuia aurea frente a presença de herbicidas no solo

Abstract

The "Cerrado" biome occupies an area of approximately 22% of the Brazilian territory and stands out for its rich biodiversity and, at the same time, the great exploitation of agriculture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the use of different herbicides on soil and its action under germination on native plant species in the Brazilian “Cerrado". The germination of the species Anacardium humile and Tabebuia aurea in the soil contaminated with the commercial herbicides GlyphosateⓇ and DiuronⓇ were evaluated in order to evaluate their toxicological potential as soil residue in different concentrations of the two herbicides chosen. [1]: 0,3 g.g-1, [2]: 0,15 g.g-1, [3]: 0,1 g.g-1, [4]: 0,05 g.g-1 e [5]: 0,01 g.g-1, in addition to the control, soil without contamination. The germination period for A. humile was 20 days and for T. aurea 30 days. The ecotoxicological tests were evidenced by the percentage and time of germination of the species. The T. aurea species showed greater sensitivity to soil contamination by GlyphosateⓇ where the inhibition was 100% for the concentrations [1], [2] and [3]. For the same species DiuronⓇ inhibited germination from 83% to 100% at the same concentrations. However, for the species A. humile, it was possible to observe a difference between the two herbicides in the germination of the species in the concentration [1], where with the presence of GlyphosateⓇ the inhibition was 100% and in the presence of DiuronⓇ there wasno blockage in the growth of the species. Ecotoxicology assists in the study of compounds harmful to the environment, as well as the investigation of environmental risks caused to living organisms, in order to characterize the influence that these compounds can cause to the environment, using this tool to attenuate and promote the prevention of problems.