Avaliação biométrica e fisiológica na fase vegetativa do Dendezeiro (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) em região de cerrado do Tocantins

Abstract

The palm tree (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Has African origin and has been cultivated in countries like Indonesia and Malaysia, which account for over 80% of world production. Brazil is among the 10 largest producers of palm oil in the world and its cultivation has been expanding significantly in the Amazon region, as in the case of Pará, the largest state producer. Currently the consumption of products that have palm oil as raw material exceeds demand, causing a pressure occurs for the implementation of new cultivation areas. In this context it can highlight the Tocantins state with a privileged geographical location and potential areas for cultivation of oil palm. Thus the present study aimed to evaluate the response of different hybrids of palm oil in the prenursery, nursery and first year of cultivation in closed condition in southern Tocantins. In the first year of culture in the field we evaluated certain physiological parameters such as photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal carbon, transpiration and water use efficiency under normal conditions and under drought stress. The materials studied were: BRS 2501 BRS 7201, BRS 2001 BRS 2301 and BRS 2528 pre-nursery and nursery and field were: BRS 2501 BRS 7201, BRS 2001 BRS 2528 and BRS Manicoré. As a result has been that for the pre-nursery stage BRS 2528 showed higher values in the variables evaluated. In the nursery BRS 2001 and BRS 7201 hybrid surpassed others in all variables. For the first year in the field all genetic materials showed significant vegetative growth over the period in cerrado conditions of the region. During the physiological assessments plants that were under drought stress they showed less behavior for the variables compared to those irrigated.