Qualidade do Carvão vegetal de Diospyros hispida DC., Xylopia aromática e Mouriri pusa Gardner na região Sul do Tocantins

Abstract

The present study aimed to characterize the energetic charcoal of three natural species from forest residues in the municipality of Dueré - TO, evaluating their energetic potentials, as well as the influence of the final carbonization temperatures. The basic wood density, apparent coal density, total gravimetric yield of coal, pyroligneous liquor and non-condensable gases, immediate chemical analysis and the higher calorific value were verified. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in the 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with three species and two carbonization marches, with 2 replicates each. The species Mouriri pusa Gardner, Diospyros hispida DC showed the highest total gravimetric yields. The species Mouriri pusa Gardne presented higher wood density (0.741g.cm-3) and higher ash content (1.855%) and Diospyros hispida DC presented higher apparent density of coal (0.593 g.cm-3). The species Xylopia aromatica was characterized by a lower content of volatile materials (22.04%) and the species Mouriri pusa Gardner and Diospyros hispida DC presented higher fixed carbon content (78.23%) and (79.12%) respectively, and higher higher calorific value (7537.29 kcal.kg-1 and 7566.89kcal.kg-1), with great potential for use in the steel industry. Among the charcoal produced and analyzed of the three species evaluated, it is recommended to use the species Xylopia aromatica and Diospyros hispida DC as an energy source. For the production of charcoal with these species it is recommended the carbonization march of 550ºC, because it was noticed a great influence of the final carbonization temperature in the increase of the charcoal quality produced.