Análise sobre a mudança do conceito de mentalidade da população Russa a partir da Revolução Socialista sob o prisma Deweyano em 1928

Abstract

This work has the general objective of analyzing the change in the concept of mentality of the Russian population from the socialist revolution under the Deweyan perspective in 1928. From this problem, it is interesting to highlight that the Russian population undergoes a Revolution in 1917, retreats from a world war in 1914-1918, suffers great pressure from the population to want to change for different reasons, with about 80 percent illiterate, fighting only for bread, peace and land. The Russian socialist revolutionary process is complex, challenging and innovative, because not only does the economic, political and social system change, but also the citizen undergoes a profound transformation and mainly from a capitalist individualism to a socialist collective behavior. To explore the events, we intend to approach a methodological attitude based on historical materiality that explains the fact in its entirety, and we will have the challenge of analyzing these transformations that took place in Russia through the eyes of the American philosopher John Dewey who visits Russia and publishes articles on your impressions. We were careful to organize this work in three chapters. The first chapter aims to report on John Dewey's theoretical foundation with its main categories, namely: education, experience, democracy, freedom and interest. The second chapter seeks to situate the reader of the Russian historical context and antecedents of the 1917 Revolution and the subjects who were part of this process. The third chapter is contributed by the book by John Dewey written in 1929 called “The impressions of Soviet Russia and the Revolutionary World” translated by Carlos Lucena in 2016. Given this source, we looked for how many times Dewey used the word mentality and we tried to associate in what context it was applied in the collective, freedom or autonomy, we found 25 appearances in the book, being 12 by commentators and 13 by the philosopher himself.