Efeito de populações de plantas de soja cultivada sob baixa latitude visando a produção de óleo e proteína

Abstract

The identification of the plant arrangement that results in less intraspecific competition allows better use of available resources for the growth, composition and yield of soybeans. Thus, the present study was carried out with the objective of identifying the effect of plant populations, in two soybean cultivars, sown in two agricultural years, on oil and protein content and yield. Two trials were installed, one in the agricultural year 2018/19, in sowing carried out on 12/8/2018, and another in the year 2019/20, in sowing carried out on 12/17/2019, in the experimental area of the Federal University of Tocantins, municipality of Palmas, TO. The experimental design used in each trial was randomized blocks (DBC), with 10 treatments and four replications. The treatments were arranged in a subdivided plot, with two soybean cultivars (BÔNUS 8579 RSF IPRO and NS 8383 RR) and five plant populations (200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 thousand.ha-1) in the plots. . The following characteristics were evaluated: oil and protein content (%), oil and protein yield (kg.ha-1). The results obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, by the F test, with the difference between means for the test and cultivar factors compared by the Scott & Knott test at 5% probability of error. For plant populations, regression analyzes were performed, using orthogonal polynomials, and once the functional relationship between populations and the dependent variable was established, the regression equation was obtained. The Sirvar 5.6 statistical program was used. Plant populations promoted changes in oil and protein contents and yields. Populations around 300 thousand plants.ha-1 were the most propitious for higher levels and yields of oil and protein. There was an effect of the agricultural years on the levels and yields of oil and protein. The cultivar NS 8383 RR presented the highest protein content and the highest oil and protein yields in the different populations.