Um estudo introdutório sobre a repressão em Freud e Marcuse

Abstract

Historically, repression is an event that favored the civilizing process, although it constitutes a trauma for the human being, which happens from birth to death. The fundamental idea explored in this Course Completion Work is to make a brief study on repression in order to relate the thoughts of Freud and Marcuse to understand how the social body represses the instincts to, in theory, promote social order and the good. -being common, but contradictorily generating dissatisfaction in the sexual field, a malaise that needs to be sublimated and that finds in the promise of happiness of capitalist societies a form of containment by the introjectionof social determinations. Repression is a Freudian concept and the introjection of the dominant order in capitalist societies, according to Marcuse, is done through the repression of values consistent with the culture of consumption. Social performance is aligned with erotic performance, as individuals who are obedient to social norms can be rewarded, unlike those who place sexual impulses above social norms and suffer more repression due to actions that violate social norms. In this perspective, work is seen as something essentially strategic in capitalist societies, in the sense of making the individual socially productive and able to reproduce the interests of the market and renounce class interests, attached to the illusion that he will receive social benefits in exchange. and financial. As Marcuse says, it is about the exchange of freedom for comfort, which does not materialize for most workers who have renounced their instincts. Having clearly the reality principle, he is responsible for delimiting the stimuli of the id, making the socially adapted and/or dominated individual reproduce his existence in close relation with the reproduction of the capitalist system of production and consumption and his sociability responds to what determines the system, since the alienation, generated by the substitution of instincts for productive economic activities, causes a false senseof satisfaction. The TCC discusses these issues, seeking to bring to light the contradictions generated by the capitalist system, pointing out how repression plays a fundamental role in social reproduction. The Critical Theory of Society by the Frankfurtian philosopher Herbert Marcuse gains importance from Freudian psychoanalysis and his theory of repression. Emphasizing that the human being ends up being alienated in industrial society and repression comes as a libido accompanied by an improvement of the happy workforce, by the compositionof false needs and affluent societies. It is clear that organizations have their essential and repressive part in this system.