A pesca no brasil e no Tocantins: uma análise dos últimos 100 anos

Abstract

Fishing has long been the livelihood of diverse populations, having records that attest its importance even in the Paleolithic. In modern history, motivated by the industrial revolution, this activity has taken on greater proportions. In Brazil, fishing has always been present, but it was only from the 1930s onwards, with the emergence of the first fishing codes, that it came to be seen as a national good, starting the process of regulating fishermen. With the creation of the Superintendência de Desenvolvimento da Pesca in the 1960s, fiscal incentive policies were implemented, promoting the increase of industrial centers that had direct repercussions on the national extractive fishing market. The overexploitation of fish stocks was one of the consequences of the production model that was being used in this sector, which later had to adhere to environmental policies to reverse this situation. An alternative to the issue of overfishing and promoting the recovery of fish stocks has been aquaculture production. This activity has been acquiring a growing participation in the economic composition of different Brazilian regions. In order to understand the development of fishing and its nuances, this work seeks to analyze the socioeconomic history of fishing in Brazil over the last 100 years, listing its main events, in addition to evaluating the scenario of aquaculture in the State of Tocantins, drawing a comparison with the surrounding states (Bahia, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará and Piauí).