Toxidade geral e reprodutiva dos extratos dos frutos de Terminalia Corrugata SIN. Buchenavia tomentosa em Danio rerio

Abstract

Terminalia corrugata sin. Buchenavia tomentosa, popularly known as mirindiba, is a plant native to the cerrado and tropical forests. Breeders of ruminants in the region report that the ingestion of T. corrugata fruits would be associated with the occurrence of abortions, birth of weak animals and death of animals. Considering the presence of substances that may lead to reproductive disorders and the reports of spontaneous intoxication caused by the fruit of T. corrugata in production animals, there is a need for studies to verify the possible toxic effects of T. corrugata on reproductive parameters. The objective was to evaluate the classes of compounds present in the extract of the fruits of T. corrugata through phytochemical screening and chemical separation by gas chromatography and detection of probable compounds through mass spectrometry, estimating the CL50-96H, the toxicity of the fruits in the gills, liver and kidney of Danio rerio, through histological analysis and to evaluate the reproductive effects that the fruit extract can cause in the gonads and spawning of females of D. rerio. In the phytochemical screening of T. corrrugata extracts, the presence of reducing sugars, tannins, flavonoids and saponins was verified. Chromatographic analysis of the acetatic extract detected the presence of two compounds: furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. With regard to the toxicity test, the estimated CL50-96H of the crude extract (EB) of T. corrugata fruits for D. rerio was 772 mg.L-1. As for histopathology, exposure to EB caused lesions in the branchial tissue (aneurysm, hemorrhages, hypertrophy, hyperplasia), liver tissue (hepatocyte hypertrophy and atrophy, absence of nucleus, disorganization in liver architecture) and kidney tissue (tubular hypertrophy and atrophy, degeneration, tubular occlusions, disorganization of the renal architecture and necrosis) of D. rerio. Additionally, EB also caused reproductive disorders, reducing D. rerio spawning and causing alterations in the gonodal maturation of exposed females. It is concluded that the fruits of T. corrugata have toxic principles that cause tissue and reproductive changes in fish.