Desafios e oportunidades da implementação da inovação aberta sob a perspectiva do marco legal de inovação: o caso da Embrapa pesca e aquicultura

Abstract

Open Innovation (AI) has been used as an alternative to undertake the process of innovation, promoting the opening of the firm to knowledge coming from other institutions and optimizing the flow of innovation. In Brazil, the Legal Framework for Science, Technology and Innovation (MLCTI) sought to promote interaction between scientific, technological and innovation institutions (ICTs) and the productive sector. Embrapa Pesca e Aquicultura (EPA) started to base its AI processes on what was established in the MLCTI, considering the scarcity of resources resulting from constant budget cuts promoted by the federal government. Thus, the AI became an alternative source of funding to be invested in research, development, and innovation. However, the implementation of AI brings with it a series of challenges that need to be overcome. In this sense, the first article sought to understand the process of AI implementation in the EPA from the perspective of the ICT and productive sector propellers. It showed that although the MLCTI has facilitated the development of technological innovations for the market, it has also created more bureaucracies besides the existing ones, making the AI process more time consuming. The second article, on the other hand, sought to understand the AI process at EPA only from the perspective of the ICT helix and its results showed that for the AI to reach the expected goals, there needs to be a reconfiguration in the internal processes and in the dynamic capabilities involved. Finally, the third article sought to understand the AI process at EPA from the perspective of the triple helix: ICT, productive sector and government. Its results highlighted that the interoperability of the triple helix in Tocantins is mainly affected by the political instability of the state, causing the innovation area to be impaired. At the end of the thesis, the limitations and theoretical and empirical contributions of the study were pointed out, as well as suggestions for future studies. In summary, this thesis is structured in three articles that seek to understand the process of open innovation in the EPA through the prism of the different dimensions of the triple helix model proposed by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff.