Um estudo sobre a política de fechamento das escolas do/no campo e o processo de nucleação escolar no município de Arraias, Tocantins

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the policy of closing schools and the process of school nucleation in the municipality of Arraias (TO). In this way, we seek to understand the process of closing schools in the countryside in Brazil, to identify the closed schools in the municipality locus of the research, in addition to presenting the impacts caused by this process. The methodological procedures adopted for the construction of this work are based on a qualitative approach and refer to a bibliographical and field research. Therefore, the data collection instruments used were document analysis and semi-structured interviews with students and parents/guardians who live in the countryside and study in the city and teachers who receive these students, as well as former teachers who worked in schools that were closed and the egress from these places. During the research, a quantity of more than 48 (forty-eight) schools that were closed in less than two decades was identified, a fact that evidenced the abyss in which rural education is located in the municipality under study, since public policies municipalities are still not implemented in their entirety. As a consequence, the closure of schools located in the countryside has an impact on the lives of this population, for example, the uprooting of subjects from their community and their insertion in a context that goes beyond the relationships, habits and customs of their culture of origin and, also, traveling long distances to reach another institution, for a period of 8 hours a day or more on school transport. Furthermore, it is hoped that this work can sensitize readers in order to have a critical view on the closure and nucleation of schools and also on public policies for the countryside