Fatores associados à qualidade do sono em pessoas idosas da Universidade da Maturidade no Norte do Tocantins

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate sleep quality and associated factors in elderly people at the Universidade da Maturidade in the North of Tocantins. This is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional character and a quantitative approach, carried out with elderly people participating in the Maturity University Project (UMA/BICO) developed at the Public University of Northern Tocantins. In data collection, questionnaires were applied with sociodemographic variables, self-perceived health in the last 30 days, the insomnia severity index and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (IQSP). For data analysis, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software was used and the participants were divided into two groups: Group 1: good sleep quality and Group 2: poor sleep quality/sleep disorders according to the IQSP. Descriptive statistics were performed and the chi-square test was applied to verify the factors associated with sleep quality, adopting a significance level of 5% (p ≤0.05). Of the total number of participants (N=100), 69% had poor sleep quality/sleep disorder, 45% were female and 24% were male. The factors associated with sleep quality were self-perceived health (p=0.02) and insomnia (p=0.007). An indication of poor quality sleep was evidenced in most of the elderly people evaluated. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to include a broad and comprehensive assessment and prevention of sleep disorders in Physical Education, with non-pharmacological interventions carried out by an interdisciplinary team, implementation of strategies that enable guidance on sleep hygiene and adherence to the practice of regular physical activity with a positive effect on active aging, enabling better quality sleep and minimizing other sleep changes in this age group.