Adubação verde utilizada na produção Agroecológica do Milheto cultivada no ecótono Cerrado-Amazônia

Abstract

Since the beginning, Brazilian agriculture has been characterized as incipient, due to the predatory lifestyle through irrefutable actions arising from man, the search for raw materials, use of soil in an extractive way, safeguarding practices that are unfeasible for forage production and consequently agricultural development . In this sense, the exacerbated growth of inappropriate agricultural practices in Brazilian soils, in many ways intensifies soil degradation, low fertility, not being different in the transition region of the Cerrado and Amazon biomes. Thus, alternatives have been sought that aim at a more sustainable production model. Given the facts, the objective of this work was to study agronomic attributes and soil health indicators in an agroecological system cultivated with millet culture subjected to green manure in the northern region of the State of Tocantins. The work was carried out on the premises of the Center for Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Norte do Tocantins (CCA/UFNT) located in the municipality of Araguaína - TO. The study was carried out through evaluations of the agronomic characteristics of the millet crop intended for animal feed in an experimental structure designed in randomized blocks with two treatments (species of gliricidia and leucaena), a control without supply of organic fertilizer and four replications. Firstly, in the experimental area, soil was collected for chemical characterization and correction according to the results, followed by the harvesting of legumes that were cut, deposited and/or incorporated into the soil. After a period of organic matter activity of around fifteen days, the millet culture was sown for evaluations, regarding the agronomic characteristics such as height, number of plants, stem diameter, panicle diameter, panicle length, length of between node, production per area, stem/leaf/panicle ratio, among others. Also carrying out monitoring evaluations of the biological, physical and chemical attributes of the soil during experimentation. With this, the evolution of the soil microbiota was identified, as well as the humidity and respiration indexes that are indispensable in the establishment of a culture. Fertilization with Gliricidia stood out when related to the agronomic attributes of the crop, resulting in better results for most of the evaluations, except percentage of panicle and dead matter.