Migrações internacionais e desigualdade de gênero: panorama de mulheres migrantes venezuelanas no Brasil

Abstract

This work aims to analyze international migrations, focusing on Venezuelan migrant women in the State of Tocantins. We start from the concept that international migration is a heterogeneous phenomenon, involving different types of individuals, with needs and specificities that must be addressed to ensure the full access and exercise of their human rights. It is an intersectional analysis involving space, women, and migrations. In this context, we will examine the role of institutions and international organizations in the refugee context, and whether there are specificities regarding women, who are subordinated subjects in social relations during crises. Thus, the need arises to study the theoretical foundations from a feminist perspective on international migration events in order to understand what reaffirms the gender inequality present in the experiences of Venezuelan women and the human rights violations they face. We are also interested in understanding the factors and phenomena that provoke the migratory movement of Venezuelan women and whether they are similar to those of men in the same migration condition. Once migrants, what are the mechanisms to combat xenophobia, gender violence, and issues of race and class? This work is an analytical proposal for a monographic research based on a case study in Tocantins, with the starting point being an analysis of the material conditions of public policies aimed at addressing the displacement of foreign people, the necessary assistance, and how the relationship between these migrants and national institutions and international organizations is constructed. Our hypothesis is that it is not migrations that cause an uncertain scenario, given that leaving the place of origin already involves this uncertainty, but rather the gender exposure (female) to the absence of care policies (maternity, menstrual poverty), socioeconomic policies (education, work, training, etc.), and the fragility of a Latin American migration policy that aims not only to absorb the weaknesses but to integrate migrants into the political dynamics of the country as an irreversible reality, just as migration is.