Validação de questionário de frequência alimentar para indivíduos em rastreamento de câncer colorretal

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is one of the most diagnosed malignancies and represents one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. In epidemiological studies, food intake is used to establish associations between diet and disease. This study aims to validate a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for the adult and elderly population undergoing colorectal cancer screening in the Legal Amazon region. The FFQ and two 24-hour recalls were applied and, the estimates of nutrient intakes were compared. For this, we used the paired t-test, Pearson's correlation and Bland-Altman regression at a significance level of 5%. Significant correlations were accepted, with R values between 0.4 and 0.7 for macronutrients and 0.3 to 0.7 for micronutrients. For energy, carbohydrate, total fiber, insoluble fiber, lipid, omega-3, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, saturated fat, calcium, iron, zinc, retinol, cholecalciferol and ascorbic acid, there was a significant, positive correlation between the methods, and these associations were considered acceptable in the validation analysis. Only for soluble fiber, selenium and proteins, R values lower than 0.30 were obtained in the tested instrument. In general, for all nutrients, the analyzes by Bland-Altman showed that the methods are better correlated when daily energy levels are ingested within the patient's need. It is concluded that the FFQ developed in this study is considered a good instrument to be used in epidemiological studies in order to evaluate food consumption in patients with colorectal cancer in the Legal Amazon region. However, caution is recommended when using this FFQ to assess individuals with energy intake above or below recommended daily levels.