Análise do desmatamento no Município de Rio Sono (TO) entre 2022 e 2024 e suas implicações ambientais

Abstract

This study analyzes the dynamics and environmental implications of deforestation in the municipality of Rio Sono, Tocantins, between the years 2022 and 2024. Located in the eastern part of the state, the region faces increasing pressures from agricultural expansion. The study aimed to map the spatial evolution of vegetation suppression, distinguishing between authorized and unauthorized vectors, and evaluating the compromise of protected areas. The methodology was based on geospatial analyses using QGIS, integrating data from SINAFLOR, PRODES/DETER, and MapBiomas. The results revealed a scenario of dual pressure: there was a drastic intensification of deforestation in 2024, driven by a 390% growth in authorized suppressions. Over the entire period, authorized deforestation accounted for 57.4% (38,447 ha) of vegetation loss, indicating a planned expansion of the agricultural frontier, particularly in the eastern and southeastern portions. However, unauthorized deforestation remained critical, accounting for 42.6% (28,492 ha) of the suppression, highlighting structural failures in governance. Additionally, concerning land use conflicts were identified: agricultural activities occupy 7.62% of Legal Reserves (RLs) and 4.3% of Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs). This degradation causes disruptions in ecological corridors and threatens water security. The study concludes by pointing out a "paradox of vulnerability": although almost all vegetation is registered in the CAR, legal protection does not translate into effective conservation. Therefore, it is recommended to urgently strengthen on-site enforcement and land regularization to ensure territorial sustainability.