Caracterização química e atividade antioxidante da Cariniana rubra Gardner ex Miers

Abstract

The Private Reserve of Natural Heritage - RPPN Canguçu protects areas of ecological tension in the center-west of Tocantins. Among the species cataloged at the site is the Cariniana rubra Gardner ex Miers, popularly called jequitibá or cachimbeira, used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory. The objective of this work was to carry out the chemical characterization and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the bark extract of C. rubra. The extract was obtained by the hot extractive method using Soxhlet apparatus, with hydroethanolic solvent (80%), to obtain the crude extract (SEBC). For chemical characterization, a phytochemical analysis was performed, as well as characterization by liquid chromatography with diode array detection (LC-DAD) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The content of phenolics, flavonoids and total tannins was quantified, also analyzing their antioxidant potential through the ability to scavenge free radicals by the DPPH method. During phytochemical prospection, there was a reaction indicative of the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phytosterols/triterpenoids and saponins, and absence of quinones and alkaloids. In the LC-DAD analysis, two phenolic acids (caffeic and ferulic) and two flavonoids (rutin and quercetin) were

identified and quantified. In the GC analysis, three steroids (campesterol, stigmasterol and β- sitosterol) and five triterpenoids (β-amyrin, β-amyrin acetate, lupeol, lupeol acetate and

taraxasterol) were detected.The content of total flavonoids was more prominent (71.07 ± 0.30 mg ER/g), followed by the content of total phenolics (61.86 ± 0.29 mg EAG/g) and tannins (59.94 ± 1, 44 mg EAG/g). The antioxidant activity detected (25.43 ± 0.34 μg/ml) is equivalent to the antioxidant activity of the rutin standard (24.53 ± 0.47 μg/ml).The species in question indicates pharmacological potential, however it is still little known in the literature, which makes the results obtained in this work important for the knowledge about the importance of the study and conservation of the plant.