Desenvolvimento e Otimização de um Bioprocesso para Produção de conídios de Metarhizium anisopliae

Abstract

Metarhizium anisopliae is a fungus widely used as a biological control agent in integrated pest management programs, offering a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides. Currently, its conidia are produced through Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) using pre-cooked rice as a substrate. SSF is characterized by the use of insoluble substrates that serve as both physical support and a nutrient source, without the presence of free water. The substrate composition plays a crucial role as it influences microbial growth by affecting nutrient availability and microorganism adherence, as well as promoting the release of extracellular substances. This thesis is organized into three interconnected chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the theme “Optimization of M. anisopliae production using rice enriched with salts, yeast extract, and glucose” through its contextualization. Through optimization, it was possible to identify and adjust the doses of yeast extract, salts, and glucose, which directly influence the fungus's growth and sporulation. Chapter 2 is titled "Development of a Prototype Shaker Table with a Multi- Eccentric Axis System." Shaker tables are widely used in laboratories to dissolve solids in liquids, mix substances, homogenize liquids, facilitate/accelerate chemical reactions, and support microorganism growth, among other bioprocesses. The innovation proposed in this chapter can improve the efficiency of these processes, particularly in terms of load capacity and performance. Furthermore, the system can be adjusted for different intensities and motion ranges, enabling greater opportunities for diverse applications. Chapter 3 focuses on the design and simulation of a bioprocess plant for the production of biopesticides from M. anisopliae conidia. Simulating this bioprocess is essential to predict the industrial plant’s performance prior to implementation, allowing the optimization of critical parameters and cost reduction. Additionally, this chapter presents an economic analysis to evaluate the financial feasibility of the project, considering initial investments, operational costs, and expected returns. Thus, this thesis integrates technical and economic aspects, contributing to the enhancement of M. anisopliae production processes. It spans the optimization of substrate formulation, the development of innovative technologies, and simulations with economic analyses, driving progress in the production of biological agents for sustainable pest management.