Estudos sobre as privatizações no Brasil na década de 1990

Abstract

The study will discuss the context of Privatizations in the 1990s, under the governments of Fernando Collor de Melo, Itamar Franco and Fernando Henrique Cardoso. The discussion introduces classical authors who had an idea of Minimum State and greater economic freedom of the market, such as Adam Smith and J. Stuart Mill. The economic theory of social welfare, with the application of Keynesian ideas, followed by the welfare state, were fundamental for the recovery of the economy of some countries such as the United States, France, and European countries. The idea of the intervening state was of paramount importance to the process of creation and development of Brazilian industrialization. Aiming at the implementation and development of industrialization, and reducing dependence on imports, the Brazilian state-owned companies were created, developing sectors such as steel, ores, electric. The Citizen Constitution of 1988 protected the Brazilian subsoil, protecting the strategic sectors of the economy, but the law failed to block the proliferation of neoliberalism, widespread in the Washington Consensus. The privatizations were carried out with great force in the Fernando Henrique Cardoso Government, aiming at controlling the external debt and implementing the Real Plan. The discussion was held with the main companies of the privatized strategic sectors during the study period.