Território, territorialidade e variação linguística: uso da lateral palatal /ʎ/ por feirantes de Araguaína

Abstract

In this dissertation carry out a research from the categories Territory, Territoriality and Linguistic Variation. The objective was to identify and analyze the linguistic variation of marketers from Araguaína TO, evaluating how to carry out the lateral palatal / ʎ / use, as well as the territory and territoriality of the same. The research, with an interdisciplinary content, is configured as a qualiquantitative and ethnographic type, starting from the following theoretical front: (1) Labovian Sociolinguistic Variation of (LABOV, [1972], 1978, 1994, 2001, 2003, 2008); (2) For territory and territoriality: Haesbaert (1999, 2007) and Saquet (2006, 2009); (3) For interdisciplinarity: Pombo (2006, 2008). Sampling was composed of questionnaires with a duration of approximately thirty minutes. The research was carried out in the three main free fairs of the city of Araguaína: Fair of the JK, in Juscelino Kubitschek neighborhood; Entroncamento Fair, Entroncamento neighborhood; and Municipal Market Fair, in Central neighborhood. Twenty-four people participated in the research in total, being 8 per fair, of these, being 4 men and 4 women. The target audience was divided by sex, age, schooling and naturalness and related to these social variables the linguistic variables, previous phonological context, following phonological context, word extension and tonicity. In the three fairs, all social and linguistic variables were analyzed and favored the innovative variant [j] in detriment of the prestige variant [ʎ]. The sex variable pointed out that men favored it more than women, proving that they are more innovative than women in this respect; about the age, it was verified that we have a stable variation because the prevalescent variant occurred regardless of it; on schooling, the majority have less than 10 years of study, which favored the aforementioned variant, since the less schooling, the more preference for innovative variants; about the naturalness, all the participants are Northeastern, especially Maranhão and most of the rural area, rural speaking approaches more closely to innovative variants; in the previous and following contexts the low vowel [a] was the great favorer of the variant, since the palatal, in these contexts, thus behaves; on vocabulary extension the disyllables were very productive in the favoring of the variant, since words of this extension favor it; with regard to tonicity, the postonic words were the great favorers of the variant, rather than the palatal when in the said position of fact usually does so.