A participação brasileira na estabilização da paz no Haiti: um caso de direito internacional

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the participation of the Brazilian Army in the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), to describe how the process of using pressure mechanisms and lawful use of force for peacekeeping, as well as to identify aspects social, economic and political factors that influenced the UN decision to create MINUSTAH and, finally, to analyze the unfolding of the Brazilian presence in the mission, between 2004 and 2017, in its social aspect. Therefore, the research is of the bibliographic and documentary type, carried out mainly through scientific articles, books, specialized websites, academic works, manuals, magazines and relevant legislation. Following its independence, Haiti lived under frequent political, economic and social crises, being governed by dictatorships and suffering successive military coups. MINUSTAH, supported by Chapters VI and VII of the UN Charter, was a peace operation that sought to restore order and security, promote a democratic political process, and respect human rights. With the 2010 earthquake, the mission gained great importance by acting as a humanitarian mission and providing security for the country. MINUSTAH's mandate has divided its functions into three axes: security, political process and human rights. Thus, through Resolution 1542/2004 and subsequent resolutions, the mission worked in Haitian territory for 13 years. During this period, the Brazilian Army contained crises, promoted the establishment of peace, restructured security institutions, acted humanely in natural disasters and secured three consecutive elections.