Adubação fosfatada para a cultura da Soja em solos com concreções – Tocantins

Abstract

Soybean cultivation has great worldwide importance, being a source of protein for animal production and human consumption, in addition to its cost benefit. In the state of Tocantins, the crop has been growing with each crop, but it is still necessary to study to achieve higher productivity, due to the variability of soils present in the state and even within the same property. With this the work was carried out municipality of Aliança do Tocantins, Morada do Boi farm, the experimental design adopted was randomized blocks in a simple factorial with four replications, covering two types of soil, one with concretions and the other without the presence of concretions, the second factor was composed by phosphorous doses 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg.ha-1 of P2O5 of the commercial product INRIZZA 738 BD plus a control with standard fertilization adopted by the farm with 120 kg.ha-1 of P2The5 of the fertilizer micromic with 50 kg.ton-1 of Micro FTE BR12 Midwest . In addition to the dose of 160 kg.ha-1 of K2O for all treatments, where the debt was applied in two doses of 80 kg.ha-1,these being carried out in pre-planting and between the stages V3 and V4 of the soybean crop. The following variables were evaluated: a) plant height (cm); b) number of plants per m², c) number of pods per m²; d) number of productive nodes per m²; e) number of grains per m²; f) mass of one thousand grains in grams; g) Grain yield (Sc.ha-1). There was a significant difference for plant height (cm), number of plants per m², number of pods per m², number of grains per m² and mass of 1,000 grains in grams in the phosphate fertilization factor. For both soil types, there was a significant difference for weight of one thousand grains and yield in Sc.ha-1. The results obtained in the 2020/21 crop were influenced by climatic conditions, where a water deficit occurred throughout the crop cycle, thus affecting crop development and the effect of fertilization, because its nutrition was affected by the lack of water in the soil. The main results observed were that in the soil with concretion that obtained higher productivity, which was due to a greater number of productive nodes, which resulted in a greater number of pods and a higher number of grains. In addition to these, they have a higher PMG and with this achieving better productivity results. For the soils with concretion, the highest averages were obtained for the mass of 1,000 grains and grain yield. Due to the low availability, there was no effect of phosphate fertilizer doses, thus it was necessary to conduct a new experiment, under conditions more favorable to the development of the soybean plant.