As representações da paisagem do Rio Tocantins no âmbito do território, cultura e identidade sob o imaginário da população em Filadélfia – TO

Abstract

This dissertation addresses the representations of Filadélfia‟s population regarding the landscape of the Tocantins River, a significant part of the local socio-territorial process, in the context of the formation of the Estreito / MA Hydroelectric Lake. The present work is anchored in a interdisciplinary approach, from Olga Pombo's perspective, in the effort to mobilize the triad Territory, Culture and Identity, in the perspective of the cultural landscape, trying to answer our questions inherent to the new social reality of Filadélfia‟s people: in the perception of the current local society , to what extent are the impacts suffered are taking Filadélfia‟s society to readaptation to the new place mixing memories and perspectives and provoking new reactions, perceptions, but also resistance? To answer the questions, we dialogue with Rogério Haesbaert about the process of (de) territorialization; with Marcos Aurélio Saquet, especially regarding the new approaches of territory, landscape and representation; with Stuart Hall from the perspective of culture, identity and representation; with Denis Cosgrove and Milton Santos for a reading of the cultural landscape; with Michael Pollak, in relation to how underground memories invade public space; with Pinheiro Neto, regarding the reading of the landscape in Literature; and with Yi-Fu Tuan, regarding culture, experience and environmental attitudes and the topophilic feeling for the place. The methodology consisted of working with interviews, through the oral narratives of the life history of the research participants, in accordance with the notes of Alessandro Portelli, in the art of listening and in the notes in the field diary, according to the observation guidelines by Stéphane Beaud and Florence Weber. From the results achieved, historiographical narratives reveal that the settlement on the banks of the Tocantins River was driven by the discoveries of the gold mines, which originated to the rays in the region of Goiás, and by inland navigation (old north of Goiás). As for the territorial formation of Filadélfia, it is pointed out that the historic landscape of this municipality makes reference to the (trans) formation of the landscape of this river from the 18th century. And the representations described in the narratives given by the research participants showed that the Filadélfia‟s population is not adapting to the new reality of the implantation of the referred plant, since the feeling of loss involves their social configuration, linked to the memories of the time which the natural cycle of the Tocantins River commanded it, leading residents to understand that the inefficiency of local public policies disrupts the territorial development. As a result, they seek to preserve local memory through underground memories described in the critical poetry, last life story from father to son through orality.