A atuação do professor e da escola no combate à prática do bullying escolar: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

This research aims to present how teachers and schools can act to combat the practice of bullying in school environments. The research methodology is characterized as a bibliographic review with the collection of scientific data and the systematization of information that come from applicable legislation and scientific productions published from 2016 to 2021 indexed in various databases and journals. Bullying is a social phenomenon directly linked to social issues that are reflected in the school environment. In order to combat bullying, the school must promote informative actions regarding what it is, how it manifests itself and how to combat the practice of bullying in daily school life. Bullying is associated with negative effects on the mental, social and physical health of the victim and the aggressor. As of Federal Law No. 13,185/2015, important objectives were established that show paths to be followed in order to combat bullying. In the school environment, the aim is to train teachers and pedagogical teams to implement actions for discussion, prevention, guidance and problem solving. There are three ways of dealing with bullying within schools: repressive, pathological and dialogue, which treats violence as something to be mediated with conversations, as a pedagogical content. The findings of this research show that dialogue is the most effective way because the school and teachers must prevent violent attitudes, encouraging the development of habits and skills that provide physical and mental health, promoting the individual's ability to deal with problems. It can be concluded that it is necessary that schools and teachers offer an education that develops in students a responsible attitude, of respect for others and of peace, and that, mainly, considers and respects the social and cultural diversities that make up Brazilian society and reflects on the school environment.