Diversidade de abelhas nas margens do Rio Javaés na região da RPPN - Canguçu, Pium- TO: ecótono amazônia/cerrado

Abstract

Bees are classified in the order Hymenoptera, as are wasps and ants, and in the superfamily Apoidea. The presence of these pollinators can be observed in several biomes, being essential for the maintenance and reproduction of plant species that form the basis of our diet. In view of this, taxonomic knowledge of regional bees is important for a better understanding of these species, in order to conserve the diversity of these pollinating agents. Since bees are sensitive to changes in the environment where they live, their presence may be higher in conserved places, where human activities are lower. That said, the Conservation Units are favorable places for the appearance of wild and native bee species. The RPPN - Canguçu is part of a complex of areas protected by two Conservation Units: Cantão State Park and Araguaia National Park. The RPPN – Canguçu has characteristics of native vegetation located in a transition area of the Cerrado and Amazon biomes. From the studies and visits to the study region, the occurrence of nesting of bees in gullies and beaches on the banks of the Javaés River was observed around the RPPN. As the areas on the banks are of a temporary nature, the objective of this work was to observe, characterize and identify the species of bees that frequent the banks of the Javaés River, sampling the richness and abundance of species. The methodology adopted was active collection with the aid of entomological networks. The collections were carried out in the months of May and December 2019 and February 2020. The collected bees were mounted and sent to Profa. Dr. Favízia Oliveira (UFBA), for species identification. The total number of individuals collected was 127 individuals, divided into 4 families, 12 tribes and 29 species. The most abundant species was Trigona pallens. The banks of the Javaés River showed greater diversity of bee species compared to another study carried out on trails near the RPPN – Canguçu, even though they are areas of temporary nature. The richness and abundance of species in the surroundings of the Canguçu RPPN demonstrate that bees are excellent bioindicators, demonstrating the importance of Conservation Units in preserving mainly native species.