Alternativas de reuso para indústria processadora de pescado

Abstract

The fish processing industries are characterized by the high volume of water used in the production stages and the consequent increase in the generation of wastewater, for this, it is necessary to adopt mitigating measures to reduce waste and effluent production. In addition, the proposal of wastewater treatment methods for the fish processing industry presents some difficulties, such as the high concentrations of organic matter and solids in suspension, and the lack of uniformity in its composition, which is directly related to the species to be processed. As a way to promote a more sustainable model, the use of reuse systems is promising to reduce the consumption of this natural resource, in addition to reducing operating costs. However, in order to propose a reuse system one must choose the appropriate treatment technology, taking into account the characteristics of the generated effluents and the normative requirements for this purpose. In view of these premises, this work aimed to evaluate alternatives to effluent treatment systems generated by fish processing industries capable of meeting technical, environmental and economic criteria, in order to comply with industrial reuse regulations. A Multicriteria Analysis (MCA) was also performed to classify the treatment systems applied in the following reuse scenarios: potability, industrial refrigeration, toilets and cleaning of floors and sidewalks. As a result, it has been found that the combination of multiple processes with the use of advanced tertiary treatment techniques is appropriate for the treatment of wastewater from the fish industry. The grouping of effluents with similar characteristics was also feasible, allowing a greater range of alternatives of reuse and adjustment of the costs and complexity of the system in function of the needs of each industrial plant.