Investigação da atividade antibacteriana de espécies de plantas do cerrado contra bactérias responsáveis por infecções do trato urinário

Abstract

Studies which investigate antimicrobial properties of the medicinal plant increased considerably in recent years, reflecting the changing of scenario in relation to plant species of therapeutic use, which were gradually replaced by synthetic drugs, but that return with increased interest, both by society, professional health and researchers, producing the current scene of valuation of the biodiversity and traditional knowledge. The Stryphnodendron adstringens and Hancornia speciosa, characteristic trees of Cerrado, have several applications in traditional medicine in the treatment of diseases as wounds, hemorrhages, diarrhea, cervical vaginitis, infections, ulcers, among others. The therapeutic potential of these plants is one of the alternatives for the problems related to the urinary tract infections, which are between the more common infectious illnesses in the practical clinic, since the most frequent type of hospital infection, which could lead to complications such as renal problems and even death. This work was to investigate the antibacterial activity of excerpts of bark and leaves of Stryphnodendron adstringens and Hancornia speciosa against isolated bacteria from positive samples of urine culture, by agar well diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration. In the agar diffusion the extracts from the bark of S. adstringens and leaf of H. speciosa had the highest antimicrobial activity, followed by the bark of H. speciosa and leaf of S. adstringens. In this technique the Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive. In the determination of M.I.C. (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) the extracts of the bark and leaf of S. adstringens and leaf of H. speciosa were more active for the Gram-negative bacteria. The extracts were tested against these microorganisms: Citrobacter sp., Enterobacter agglomerans, Enterobacter sp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella ornithinolytica, K. oxytoca, K. GNB, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus and S. sp. From the results obtained it was verified that the extracts from the bark of S. adstringens and leaves of H. speciosa have great antimicrobial potential, standing out as promising plant species for the development of therapeutic products and suggesting the necessity for complementary studies to isolate the responsible substances for these characteristics and the accomplishment of toxicological tests to allow its use in human being.