Análise de multicritério para seleção de alternativas de disposição de lodo de estação tratamento de esgoto para dois municípios tocantinenses

Abstract

The objective of the work is to evaluate the possible alternatives of sludge disposal or final destination of the sludge of ETEs in a quantitative way considering environmental, social and technological aspects, and from the data to carry out a study considering the generation of sludge for two municipalities in Tocantins. The adopted methodology involved four steps. In the first, a bibliographic survey was carried out on the Google Academic, Scielo and ABES research portals, focusing on scientific research applied to the topic, using keywords in the process. In the second, 22 decision criteria were established, grouped into three dimensions: environmental, social and technological, for multivariate analysis, which were used in the third stage through the evaluation and decision matrix adapted from Vanzetto (2012). The last step consisted of the use of population projection data served from 2019 to 2039 in two municipalities called X and Y and mass/volume of dewatered sludge to calculate the area or volume for the four best alternatives defined in the previous step. It is noteworthy that in the multivariate analysis, the technologies of agricultural use, landfarming, recovery of degraded areas and sanitary landfill were the ones that obtained the highest scores. Considering the population context, ETE Y stood out for producing more sludge annually when compared to the ETE of municipality X. Observing the 4 best alternatives of the multivariate analysis, sludge generation and demand per area, landfill and landfarming technologies stood out in relation to the recovery of degraded area and agricultural use for municipalities X and Y.