Modos de propagação da educação científica na infância: do desenho animado às práticas escolares

Abstract

This research is part of the indisciplinar field of Applied Linguistics, which allowed us to make use of methodological and theoretical assumptions of diversified areas, with the purpose of finding referrals to our object of study, which are the pedagogical functions that can be assumed by the uses of cartoons that thematize sciences. For this purpose, we used the documentary research, in which the data for this research were: the educational scientific cartoon O Show da Luna, the Base Nacinal Comum Curricular (BNCC) focused on the texts directed to Early Childhood Education and the Project: “I want to know! How butterflies are born”, developed by a Kindengarden School. The general goal is to analyze to what extent the animated scientific educational genre can be considered as mediator of scientific education practices. We also seek to identify the concept of science propagated in the scientific cartoon; to establish relationships between BNCC guidelines and the scientific practices represented in the animation in focus; describe the appropriation of the selected scientific cartoon in a school context; and finally, to characterize O Show da Luna as an emerging discursive genre: animated scientific educational. We discuss the problematics of scientific representations of a positivist-only nature, propagated by the scientific cartoons. We try to show, through evidence, that scientific education (literacy and scientific literacy) must contemplate the sciences of the humanities to be complete, after all, humanities are as much sciences as the other fields. We analyzed the episodes of animation in the light of the Actor-Network Theory, which allowed us to interpret the networks formed through the relations established among the actants (human and nonhuman actors). We traced the relationships among the actants in the networks, we discovered solid and relevant patterns that revealed data relevant to our goals. As products of this research we presented two proposals of alternative scripts for the animation in focus. Our intention was to show that it is possible to represent humanities in scientific cartoons as legitimate science. We characterized the animation O Show da Luna as an emerging genre called: scientific educational cartoon. We believe that cartoons of this genre can be an efficient tool for the scientific education of children.