Plantas ruderais na Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins

Abstract

The ruderal vegetation is characterized by plants of spontaneous birth, specialized in developing in urbanized areas, that is, they are species adapted to environments altered by anthropic action. Although still neglected and seen as undesirable, these plants provide important ecosystem services. This study aimed to carry out a survey of ruderal vegetation that grows spontaneously on the campus of the Universidade Federal do Norte do TocantinsUFNT, Cimba unit. For the development of this work, collection expeditions were carried out, which consisted of random walks around the campus. Although still neglected and seen as undesirable, these plants provide important ecosystem services. This study aimed to carry out a survey of ruderal vegetation that grows spontaneously on the campus of the Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins-UFNT, Cimba unit. For the development of this work, collection expeditions were carried out, which consisted of random walks around the campus. There were 6 collections, 3 of them intended for sample collection and 3 for photographic records, which were made between the years 2018 and 2021. The samples of ruderal plants collected were herborized, followed by identification with the help of specialized literature and consultation with specialists. The collection information was transcribed into Excel, followed by data tabulation to obtain the results. We analyzed 130 individuals belonging to 32 families, 73 genera and 103 species, of which only 81 were identified to the species level, 13 to the genus and 9 to the family. The families with the highest species diversity were Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Cyperaceae, Convulvaceae and Solanaceae. Among the 103 species identified, 4 are considered endemic to Brazil. Regarding the origin, 64 species were classified as native, 16 as naturalized and 01 as cultivated. The most predominant life form was herbaceous, followed by subshrub, shrub, climbing herbaceous and prostrated subshrub, respectively. As for the phytogeographic domains, only 01 of the analyzed species occurs exclusively in Tocantins, while the others are widely distributed across all geographic domains, that is, Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado, Atlantic Forest, Pampa, Pantanal. It was possible to analyze the ruderal plants present in the UFNT's Cimba unit, observing the analyzed diversity, their respective characteristics and information about the species. Herborized samples may contribute to future teaching and extension activities at the institution. The inventory of ruderal plants can contribute to the construction of a didactic collection, providing a greater exchange of information and knowledge about this flora.