Avaliação do rendimento de hidrólise do pseudocaule da bananeira utilizando Penicillium Oxalicum

Abstract

Ethanol is the most used biofuel in Brazil. As one of the largest agricultural producers in the world, the country stands out in the production of bananas, which generate large amounts of lignocellulosic residues, which can be used in the production of ethanol. The use of this type of raw material in the production of biofuel is of great interest, thus disposing of waste and lowering ethanol production costs. In relation to these costs, a major limiting factor are the enzymes used in hydrolysis, which have high prices and are currently produced commercially only abroad. The search for the production of cellulosic enzymes can reduce production costs, as well as reduce dependence on international supply. In this context, the objective of this work was to carry out, under different conditions, the hydrolysis of the banana pseudostem, using enzymes of the species Penicillium oxalicum. First, a hydrothermal pretreatment at 121°C/30 min was carried out. Afterwards, the characterization of the in natura and pre-treated biomass. The production of crude enzymatic extract was carried out using the pseudostem of the banana in natura and pre-treated as substrate. The enzymatic activities (CMCase, Avicellase and FPase) of the enzymatic extracts were determined, obtaining greater results for the extract produced in in natura biomass. The hydrolysis of the banana pseudostem was carried out, using the crude enzymatic extract produced in pre-treated biomass. From a Central Rotational Composite Design (CRCD), the best hydrolysis condition was verified. The best hydrolysis yield was obtained in test 9, with 26.36%. Under these same conditions, another hydrolysis was performed, using the extract enzymatic produced from in natura biomass, resulting in a 42% hydrolysis yield.