Ensino de elementos de Física do Estado Sólido contextualizados com Eletrônica e Robótica

Abstract

This work presents the development of a didactic sequence which Physics is strongly contextualized with its technological applications, the sequence was divided into four classes, two of State Physics, one of which introduces robotics and the last, a practical class of robotics where the class was divided into teams and carried out the assembly of a small explorer robot that evades obstacles, the robot is based on the Arduino prototyping platform, which was chosen for its low cost, versatility of applications and ease of implementation. The robot's electrical circuit consists of two direct current motors connected to an h bridge, the circuit is controlled by an arduino uno connected to an ultrasonic sensor, the sensor sends waves through the ultrasound range that are reflected through the terminal triggered to the environment and returning to the sensor and captured by the echo which, based on the round-trip time of the wave, determines the distance to the objects and decides which is the best path to follow, in addition to exploring the different physical properties involved in the functioning of the robot, the practice shows how the knowledge in basic science become technological applications. The sequence was applied to a 3rd grade class in the afternoon shift at the Centro de Ensino Urbano Rocha.