Políticas públicas e educação do campo no município de Dianópolis – TO: uma análise das escolas multisseriadas

Abstract

The work consists of an investigation carried out in the years of 2010 and 2011, about the existing municipal public policies and/or policies being implemented in public schools located in rural areas of Dianópolis city, Tocantins State, which organization is multisseriate. The analysis started from the retrospective of education in the context of human rights and then describes a brief history of public schools’ establishment in global and national levels. Rural education was offered initially for economic reasons, not to socialize the knowledge to residents of that area. The multisseriate classes are set as school organization adopted for the assistance to localities with low population density. However, the infrastructural aspects of these schools, teacher training and curriculum demand discussion and actions organized by the agencies responsible for providing public education, Nevertheless, only at the end of the last decade of the twentieth century, the education field as a category of analysis has been addressed in discussions nationwide, especially through the movement for a Rural Education, which fostered the development of important documents, such as the Operational Guidelines for Basic Education in Schools Field, 2002. The approach used in the study was based on qualitative nature with some quantitative data under the reasoning of authors such as: ARROYO (2003), FERNANDES (2002), LUDKE; ANDRÉ (1986), MINAYO (1994), MOREIRA (2000), NASCIMENTO (2003), SEVERINO (2007), THIOLLENT (2005), TRIVIÑOS (2011), among others. The technique used was analysis of data triangulation, and the data collection instruments used were, for instance: records of observations made in schools, educational meetings and continuing education meetings, questionnaires and structured interviews conducted with research subjects - teachers, students, responsible for pupils in multisseriate classes; employees of Municipal Education Dianópolis-Tocantins (SEMED), and the President of the Rural Workers Union of Dianópolis-Tocantins. In this municipality, the discussion of education in the field dates to the year 2008, and concerning the multisseriate classes, we can mention an achievement: the deployment of specific continuing education for teachers in these classrooms. However, there are still many demands on schools regarding this organization, especially in relation to the conditions of physical structure and development of the educational proposal, which is a requirement for the development of teaching. Regarding to continuing education, an organization of municipal management is needed in order to enable the participation of teachers in the meetings held in the town. Despite the obstacles, the multisseriate classes constitute one the possibilities of school organization in the countryside and therefore require the development and implementation of public policies in order to enable teaching, learning and sustainable development.