Sentidos da depressão e estados depressivos no contemporâneo

Abstract

This research presents a psychoanalytic perspective on contemporary depressions that aimed to consider clinical, theoretical and sociopolitical aspects. It is understood that the growing incidence of diagnoses of depressive disorders, which began in the 1970s, raises an essential question: what does depression mean for psychoanalysis? In this sense, a bibliographical review of the depressive issue was carried out, guided mainly by the works of Freud, Fédida, Kehl, Teixeira and Dunker. The results found indications about the emergence of the depressivemelancholic field from Freud’s article Mourning and Melancholia (1917/2011), as well as the clinical centrality of the issue of time in depressive states and the social determinations that permeate the modes of appearance of current depressions. It is concluded that depression means a pathological condition related to the ancient melancholies and which is currently present in several clinical conditions. These observations are the fruit of the developments in Freudian metapsychology that have set out to engage in dialogue with humanistic and sociological studies.