O adolescente como protagonista da sua sexualidade - Um estudo sobre a aprendizagem colaborativa

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescence, the transitional phase between childhood and adulthood, is marked by intense biological, cognitive, social and emotional transformations, and is a decisive period in the formation of identity. In Brazil, the protection of adolescents' rights is ensured by a legal framework that includes the Federal Constitution, the Statute of the Child and Adolescent and guidelines for comprehensive health care and education, which emphasize the need for intersectoral interventions to promote the well-being of this population. Despite these advances, the approach to sexuality in schools remains limited, which often leads adolescents to seek information from less reliable sources, increasing their vulnerability. Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of collaborative learning strategies in training adolescents as multipliers of information on sexuality. Based on the theoretical assumptions of Vygotsky, the research analyzed how social interactions and power discourses influence youth learning and autonomy on sensitive topics. The methodology adopted was qualitative, descriptive-analytical, with a post-facto approach. The study covered workshops held in 2004 at the Tiradentes High School in Palmas, Tocantins, using data reconstructed from documentary records and teaching materials. Results: Collaborative learning provided a safe and inclusive environment for discussions about sexuality, breaking down taboos and promoting the exchange of knowledge. Collaborative activities, such as group dynamics, the production of educational materials and theatrical performances, facilitated adolescent engagement and the strengthening of skills such as assertive communication, leadership and critical thinking. Active participation revealed a significant increase in the autonomy of the young people, who took on democratic leadership roles and became mediators of debates. The thematic analysis of the data showed that youth protagonism was enhanced by this methodology, helping teenagers to develop socio-emotional skills and become multiplier agents in their communities. The activities also highlighted the importance of cultural and linguistic adaptation, especially in the inclusion of indigenous students, enriching discussions and strengthening diversity. Final considerations: Collaborative learning strategies are effective in promoting inclusive and reflective sex education. In addition to building factual knowledge, these practices foster essential skills for the personal and social growth of adolescents, making them more aware, empathetic and prepared to face the challenges related to sexuality in a critical and responsible way. The study thus reinforces the relevance of collaborative approaches as transformative tools in the field of health education.