Natureza urbana e estruturas de saúde: implicações para a saúde, o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida da população de Palmas/TO

Abstract

The relationship between the urban environment and health is a multifactorial field involving physical, social, and subjective dimensions. This study aimed to understand the interrelationship between urban infrastructure, the distribution of green areas, and access to health facilities in Palmas/TO, Brazil, analyzing their impact on the well-being and quality of life of the population. A cross-sectional study was conducted using Spearman's correlation coefficient and logistic regression models to analyze self-reported health data, behaviors, and environmental perceptions. The results indicate that the presence of chronic conditions is the main negative determinant of perceived health (ρ = -0.257). Although physical distance to green areas shows a negative correlation with general health (ρ = -0.175), it was observed that satisfaction with these spaces and regular use are independent predictors of better well-being. Multivariate analysis revealed that seeking information and health literacy are more relevant to perceived health than isolated environmental measures. It is concluded that green infrastructure acts as a salutogenic and restorative factor, where physical proximity and the strengthening of community bonds are essential to mitigate the impacts of chronic diseases and promote urban health.