Perfil clínico epidemiológico da hanseníase em um município hiperendêmico do Tocantins

Abstract

Introduction: Neglected diseases are infectious parasitic diseases that affect mostly low-income populations, being the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Leprosy, an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, affects skin and nerve cells and is part of this group of diseases, affecting more than 200 thousand people a year worldwide. Thus, it is important to know the clinical epidemiological profile of cases in order to recognize the individuals most susceptible to illness and enable monitoring and development of measures aimed at controlling and fighting the disease. Objective: To characterize the clinical and epidemiological profile of leprosy cases in the city of Porto Nacional/TO. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach of leprosy cases notified in the Information System for Diseases and Notification (SINAN) of the city of Porto Nacional - TO in the period from 2015 to 2021. The data were organized, filtered and tabulated through of the Microsoft Excel 2010 Program. After analyzing the consistency of the database, exploratory analyzes were performed using descriptive statistics of the quantitative parameters, with absolute and relative frequencies being calculated. As they are secondary data, in the public domain in which no research participant was identified, it is not necessary to present this to the Research Ethics Committee (CEP). Results: In the period from 2015 to 2021, 424 cases were diagnosed in the city of Porto Nacional/TO, predominantly male, aged from 15 to 59 years, education from nine to 12 years, and mixed race/color. In clinical variables, the predominance of the borderline form (multibacillary), degree of disability 0 in the assessment and at the time of cure, and type of cure-out. Conclusion: The study allowed tracing the clinical epidemiological profile of a hyperendemic municipality, contributing to the development of strategies and actions for prevention, control, diagnosis, treatment and coping with the disease.