Extração de colágeno obtido a partir de subprodutos do pirarucu (Arapaima gigas)

Abstract

The industries of fish processing have been wasting large amounts of waste in the environment, due to this environmental impact the search for new sources of waste has been highlighted in the food market. Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) is considered one of the largest freshwater fish in the world, in recent years there has been a significant increase in the production of its species in captivity, this growth comes with the search for more tasty and healthy products that the use of waste. The production of collagen from pirarucu by-products is a good alternative in the use of this residue generated in the production chain, since it has an expressive amount of collagen in its composition. Collagen is obtained by acid treatment or by hydrolysis. In this work two mild methods were tested for the extraction of collagen, which were the pretreatment using acetic acid and hydrochloric acid and with that the method of lyophilization of the product was carried out in a bench freeze dryer. From the powder were made the analyzes of yield, moisture, ash, proteins, lipids, solubility, hygroscopicity, color, pH and acidity. In order to study the gelatinous collagen, the bloom analysis was performed, responsible for determining the strength of the gel. The samples of collagen powder presented low values of moisture, ashes and lipids. In relation to the protein content, the collagen had contents of 78 and 72% and low bloom value. In this way, it was possible to conclude that the extraction from the head of the pirarucu is a good alternative for the reuse of residues and through the comparison between the pre-treatments analyzed it is concluded that the acetic acid treatment presented a better yield, moisture, proteins, solubility and gel strength, thus being the most advantageous pre-treatment for the extraction of collagen extracted from by-products of pirarucu.