Riqueza e composição da avifauna nas áreas verdes e ruas das quadras urbanizadas de Palmas, Tocantins: uma cidade planejada no cerrado brasileiro

Abstract

Preserving biodiversity is of utmost importance for the balance of ecosystems on the planet. Environmental fragmentation and the consequences of urbanization have significant impacts on avifauna, reflecting on species preservation. The objective of this study was to assess the composition and richness of birds in 30 urban blocks in Palmas, Tocantins. Of the 75 recorded species, 21 were exclusive to green areas, while only one was observed exclusively on the streets. Jaccard's similarity analysis was used to compare richness between environments (green areas and streets), and the Bray-Curtis index was employed to evaluate their composition. A multiple regression analysis, using the backward method, was conducted to investigate the influence of variables - richness, abundance, and origin (native and non-native) of trees, distance to natural areas, and environment - on the bird richness of the blocks. The results indicated significant differences in bird richness and abundance between environments, being higher in green areas, and variables such as richness of native trees, environment, and abundance of native trees influenced the bird richness of the blocks. It is concluded that native vegetation plays a crucial role for birds, and that green areas can maintain high species diversity and abundance, highlighting the importance of conservation and maintenance of these areas in urban environments.