Entre a burocracia e a inclusão: emancipação civil de adolescentes migrantes em contexto de migração forçada

Abstract

This is a conclusive report to be presented as the final research project for the Master’s Degree Program in Professional and Interdisciplinary Jurisdictional Service and Human Rights (Stricto Sensu) at the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), in partnership with the Higher School of the Judiciary of Roraima (EJURR). The research falls under the theme Access to Justice and Protection of Rights, within the sub-area of concentration in Human Rights. The final product consists of the development of an Informative Guide aimed at Venezuelan migrants, providing information on judicial and administrative instruments for obtaining the emancipation of Venezuelan migrant adolescents, as a means of ensuring personality rights within the full exercise of fundamental human rights, supported by broad access to justice. The study stems from the identification of issues arising from the massive Venezuelan migration to the state of Roraima, a consequence of the humanitarian crisis afflicting that country. This large-scale and unexpected migration toward Roraima has generated numerous humanitarian and operational challenges concerning the implementation of public policies involving all branches and levels of government in Brazil—national, state, and municipal. As reported in the article “Venezuelan Migration in the State of Roraima and the Role of the Citizenship Center for Refugees and Indigenous Peoples”, the situation of Venezuelan migrant children crossing the border in a vulnerable state—without the accompaniment of one or both parents or guardians—was examined. In this context, the article presented some of the solutions implemented by the Judiciary of Roraima, such as the creation of the Citizenship Center for Refugees and Indigenous Peoples, known by the Latin term CIVES, whose purpose is to provide judicial and extrajudicial assistance to refugees and indigenous peoples within the jurisdiction of Pacaraima, with a focus on protecting migrants in situations of vulnerability—particularly children and adolescents—in accordance with Article 20 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. In parallel with the research, the Office of the General Judicial Inspector, after conducting a survey, identified the problem of the lack of documentation for Venezuelan migrant children and adolescents and initiated a project to facilitate the granting of emancipation to adolescents crossing the border unaccompanied by their parents. On this subject, an article was produced entitled “Access to Justice and Forced Migration: Civil Emancipation of Venezuelan Adolescents in Roraima as an Instrument of Inclusion”, which analyzed Provision 4/2025 of the Court of Justice of Roraima (TJRR/CGJ). This provision addresses the debureaucratization of judicial and administrative emancipation processes, aiming to simplify the procedure to enhance the exercise of personality rights for migrant adolescents who are unable to meet all the legal requirements for emancipation. Thus, the exodus of Venezuelans from their homeland to the state of Roraima due to the humanitarian crisis has drawn special attention from Brazilian public authorities, requiring a multifaceted response to safeguard fundamental human rights and ensure dignified living conditions. Finally, after a theoretical study of the topic and considering the need to promote adequate information for Venezuelan migrants, we produced as the final deliverable informative posters in Spanish, with simplified content clarifying key points regarding the functioning of the Brazilian judicial system, specifically focusing on emancipation.